% \iffalse meta-comment
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% Copyright (C) 2015 by Didier Remy <didier.remy(at)inria(dot)fr>
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% \iffalse
%<*driver>
\ProvidesFile{mathpartir.dtx}
%</driver>
%<package>\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}
%<package>\ProvidesPackage{mathpartir}
%<*package>
[2016/02/24 version 1.3.2 Math Paragraph for Typesetting Inference Rules]
%</package>
%
%<hevea>\documentclass {article}
%<*driver>
\documentclass{ltxdoc}
%</driver>
%<*(driver|hevea)>
\usepackage {mathpartir}
\usepackage {listings}
\usepackage {array}
\usepackage {url}
%<hevea>\usepackage {hevea}
\lstset {basicstyle=\tt}
\let \lst \verb
\title {
%<hevea>\begin{tabular}{>{\huge}c}
\textbf{MATH} formulas in \\
\textbf{PAR}ragraph mode\\[-1ex]
%<*!hevea>
\hskip 0em\hbox to 12em {\hrulefill}\\
%</!hevea>
%<hevea>\hline
\textbf Typesetting \textbf Inference \textbf Rules \\
%<hevea>\end{tabular}
}
\author {Didier R{\'{e}}my}
\date {(Version 1.3.2, last modified 24/02/2016)}
\begin{document}
\maketitle
%<*!hevea>
\DeleteShortVerb{\|}
\section{Introduction}
%</!hevea>
%<hevea>\begin{abstract}
The package mathpartir provides macros for
displaying formulas and lists of formulas that are typeset in mixed
horizontal and vertical modes.
The environment \verb"mathpar" generalizes the math display mode to allow
several formulas on the same line, and several lines in the same
display. The arrangement of the sequence of formulas into lines is automatic
depending on the line width and on a minimum inter-formula space alike words
are displayed in a paragraphs (in centerline mode). A typical application
is displaying a set of type inference rules.
The macro \verb"inferrule" typesets inference rules. Both premises and
conclusions are presented as lists of formulas and are typeset in paragraph
mode and wrapped into multiple lines whenever necessary.
%<hevea> \end{abstract}
%<hevea>\section {License}
%<hevea>
%<hevea>Mathpartir is Copyright (C) 2001-2005, 2015, 2016 INRIA. Mathpartir
%<hevea>has been developed by Didier R{\'{e}}my. Mathpartir is free software; you
%<hevea>can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General
%<hevea>Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version
%<hevea>2, or (at your option) any later version. See the GNU General Public
%<hevea>License for more details (\url{http://pauillac.inria.fr/~remy/license/GPL}).
%<hevea>Mathpartir is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but without
%<hevea>any warranty.
\section {The mathpar environment}
The mathpar environment is a ``paragraph mode for formulas''.
It allows to typeset long list of formulas putting as
many as possible on the same line:
$$
\begin{tabular}{m{0.45\hsize}m{0.45\hsize}}
\begin{lstlisting}{Ocaml}
\begin{mathpar}
A-Formula \and
Longer-Formula \and
And \and The-Last-One
\end{mathpar}
\end{lstlisting}
&
\begin{mathpar}
A-Formula
\and
Longer-Formula
\and
And
\and
The-Last-One
\end{mathpar}
\end{tabular}
$$
Formulas are separated by \verb"\and" (or equivalently by a blank line).
To enforce a vertical break it suffices to replace \verb"\and" by
\verb"\\".
The implementation of \verb"mathpar" entirely relies on the paragraph mode
for text. It starts a new paragraph, and a math formula within a paragraph,
after adjusting the spacing and penalties for breaks. Then, it simply binds
\verb"\and" to something like \verb"\goodbreak".
\section {The inferrule macro}
The inferrule macro is designed to typeset inference rules. It should
only\footnote {Even though the basic version may work in text mode,
we discourage its use in text mode; the star-version cannot be used in
text-mode} be used in math mode (or display math mode).
The basic use of the rule is
\begin{verbatim}
\inferrule
{one \\ two \\ three \\ or \\ more \\ premisses}
{and \\ any \\ number \\ of \\ conclusions \\ as \\ well}
\end{verbatim}
This is the rendering on a large page
\def \one {\inferrule
{one \\ two \\ three \\ or \\ more \\ premises}
{and \\ any \\ number \\ of \\ conclusions \\ as \\ well}
}
$$
%<hevea>\one
%<*!hevea>
\fbox {\vbox {\advance \hsize by -2\fboxsep \advance \hsize by -2\fboxrule
\linewidth\hsize
$$\one$$}}
%</!hevea>
$$
However, the same formula on a narrower page will automatically be typeset
like that:
$$
%<hevea>\one
%<*!hevea>
\fbox {\hsize 0.33 \hsize \vbox {$$\one$$}}
%</!hevea>
$$
An inference rule is mainly composed of a premise and a conclusion.
The premise and the conclusions are both list of formulas where the
elements are separated by \verb"\\".
Note the asymmetry between typesetting of the premises and of
conclusions where lines closer to the center are fit first.
A newline can be forced by adding an empty line \verb"\\\\"
\begin{tabular}{m{0.44\hsize}m{0.44\hsize}}
\begin{lstlisting}{Ocaml}
\inferrule
{aa \\\\ bb}
{dd \\ ee \\ ff}
\end{lstlisting}
&
$\inferrule {aa \\\\bb}{dd \\ ee \\ ff}$
\\
\end{tabular}
\subsection {Single rules}
Single rules are the default mode.
Rules are aligned on their fraction bar, as illustrated below:
$$
\inferrule {aa \\ bb}{ee} \hspace {4em} \inferrule {aa \\\\ bb \\ ee}{ee}
$$
If the premise or the conclusion is empty, then the fraction bar is not
typeset and the premise or the conclusion is centered:
$$
\begin{tabular}{m{0.45\hsize}m{0.45\hsize}}
\begin{lstlisting}{Ocaml}
\inferrule {}{aa} +
\inferrule {aa \\\\ aa}{}
\end{lstlisting}
&
$
\inferrule {}{aa} +
\inferrule {aa \\\\ aa}{}
$
\\
\end{tabular}
$$
Use use \verb"{ }" instead of \verb"{}" to get an axiom for instance:
$$
\begin{tabular}{m{0.45\hsize}m{0.45\hsize}}
\begin{lstlisting}{Ocaml}
\inferrule { }{aa} +
\inferrule {aa}{ }
\end{lstlisting}
&
\mbox {$
\inferrule { }{aa} +
\inferrule {aa}{ }
$}
\\
\end{tabular}
$$
The macro \lst"\inferrule" accepts a label as optional argument, which will
be typeset on the top left corner of the rule:
\par
\begin{tabular}{m{0.45\hsize}m{0.45\hsize}}
\begin{lstlisting}{Ocaml}
\inferrule [yop]
{aa \\ bb}
{cc}
\end{lstlisting}
&
$\inferrule [Yop]{aa \\ bb}{cc}$
\\
\end{tabular}
\par\noindent
See section~\ref {options} for changing typesetting of labels.
A label can also be placed next to the rule directly, since the rule is
centered:
\par
\begin{tabular}{m{0.45\hsize}m{0.45\hsize}}
\begin{lstlisting}{Ocaml}
\inferrule
{aa \\ bb}
{cc}
\quad (\textsc {Yop})
\end{lstlisting}
&
$\inferrule{aa \\ bb}{cc} \quad (\textsc {Yop})$
\\
\end{tabular}
\subsection {Customizing presentation}
By default, lines are centered in inference rules.
However, this can be changed by either \lst"\mprset{flushleft}"
or \lst"\mprset{center}". For instance,
\begin{tabular}{m{0.44\hsize}m{0.44\hsize}}
\begin{lstlisting}{Ocaml}
$$\mprset{flushleft}
\inferrule
{a \\ bbb \\\\ ccc \\ dd}
{dd \\ ee \\ ff}$$
\end{lstlisting}
&
$$\mprset{flushleft}
\hsize 0.45\hsize
\inferrule {a \\ bb \\ ccc \\ dddd}{e \\ ff \\ gg}$$
\\
\end{tabular}
\noindent
Note that lines are aligned independently in the premise and the
conclusion, which are both themselves centered. In particular,
left alignment will not affect a single-line premise or conclusion.
\subsection {Customizing rules}
One may wish to change use rules for rewriting rule or implications, etc.
There is a generic way of definition new rules by providing three parts:
a tail, a body, and a head. The rule will then be built by joining
all three components in this order and filling the body with leaders to
extend as much as necessary. Here are examples
\begin{tabular}{m{0.54\hsize}m{0.44\hsize}}
\begin{lstlisting}{Ocaml}
$$\mprset{fraction={===}}
\inferrule {a \\ bbb} {cc}$$
\end{lstlisting}
&
$$\mprset{fraction={===}}
\inferrule {a \\ bbb} {cc}$$
\\
\begin{lstlisting}{Ocaml}
$$\mprset
{fraction={\models=\Rightarrow}}
\inferrule {a \\ bbb} {cc}$$
\end{lstlisting}
&
$$\mprset
{fraction={\models=\Rightarrow}}
\inferrule {a \\ bbb} {cc}$$
\\
\end{tabular}
The height and depth of the \emph{body} are used to adjust vertical space.
One, may ``smash'' the body to reduce the vertical space
\begin{tabular}{m{0.54\hsize}m{0.44\hsize}}
\begin{lstlisting}{Ocaml}
$$\mprset
{fraction={%
{\scriptstyle\vdash}%
{\smash-}%
{\rightarrow\!\!}%
}}
\inferrule {a \\ bbb} {cc}\,\,$$
\end{lstlisting}
&
$$\mprset
{fraction={{\scriptstyle\vdash}{\smash-}{\rightarrow\!\!}}}
\inferrule {a \\ bbb} {cc}$$
\\
\begin{lstlisting}{Ocaml}
$$\mprset {fraction={\cdot\cdots\cdot}}
\inferrule {a \\ bbb} {cc}$$
\end{lstlisting}
&
$$\mprset {fraction={{}{\,\smash\cdot\,}{}}}
\inferrule {a \\ bbb} {cc}$$
\\
\end{tabular}
Since vertical skip does not take header and footer into account, which is
usually better but sometimes odd, this can be adjusted explicitly:
\begin{tabular}{m{0.54\hsize}m{0.44\hsize}}
\begin{lstlisting}{Ocaml}
$$\mprset
{fraction={|=/},
fractionaboveskip=0.6ex,
fractionbelowskip=0.4ex}
\inferrule
{a \\ bbb_{\downarrow}}
{cc^{\T\uparrow}}$$
\end{lstlisting}
&
$$\mprset
{fraction={|=/},
fractionaboveskip=0.6ex,
fractionbelowskip=0.4ex}
\inferrule
{a \\ bbb_{\downarrow}}
{cc^{\uparrow}}$$
\\
\end{tabular}
Finally, it is also possible to provide its own definition
of fraction by
\begin{tabular}{m{0.54\hsize}m{0.44\hsize}}
\begin{lstlisting}{Ocaml}
\def \Over #1#2{\hbox{$#1 \over #2$}}
$$\mprset{myfraction=\Over}
\inferrule {a \\ bbb} {cc}$$
\end{lstlisting}
&
\def \Over #1#2{\hbox{$#1 \over #2$}}
$$\mprset{myfraction=\Over}
\inferrule {a \\ bbb} {cc}$$
\\
\end{tabular}
\paragraph{Customizing the horizontal skip between premises}
(default value is 2em).
\begin{quote}
\begin{lstlisting}{Ocaml}
$$\mprset {sep=6em}
\inferrule {a \\ bbb} {cc}$$
\end{lstlisting}
$$\mprset {sep=6em}
\inferrule {a \\ bbb} {cc}$$
\end{quote}
\paragraph{Customizing the vertical space between premises}
(default value is empty). Notice that leaving it empty and setting vskip to
0em is not quite equivalent as show below between the third and fourth rules
(because the typesetting cannot use the primitive typesetting of
fractions).
\begin{quote}
\begin{lstlisting}{Ocaml}
$$\def\R{\inferrule {aa\\aa\\\\bbb\\bbb} {cc}
\hspace{3em}}
\R \mprset{vskip=0ex}\R \mprset{vskip=1ex}\R$$
\end{lstlisting}
$$\def \R{\inferrule {aa \\ aa \\\\ bbb \\ bbb} {cc}\hspace{3em}}
\R \mprset{vskip={}}
\R \mprset{vskip=0ex}\R \mprset{vskip=1ex}\R$$
\end{quote}
\subsection {Tabulars in inference rules}
Although you probably do not want to do that, you may still use tabular
or minipages inside inference rules, but between braces, as follows:
$$
\begin{tabular}{m{0.50\hsize}m{0.50\hsize}}
\begin{lstlisting}{Ocaml}
\infer [Tabular-Rule]
{some \\ math \\ and \\
{\begin{tabular}[b]{|l|r|}
\hline Ugly & and
\\[1ex]\hline
table & text
\\\hline
\end{tabular}} \\
{\begin{minipage}[b]{6em}
Do you really wish
to do that?
\end{minipage}} \\
}
{some \\ conclusions}
\end{lstlisting}
&
\infer [Tabular-Rule]
{some \\ math \\ and \\
{\begin{tabular}[b]{|l|r|}
\hline Ugly & and
\\[1ex]\hline
table & text
\\\hline
\end{tabular}} \\
{\begin{minipage}[b]{6em}
Do you really wish
to do that?
\end{minipage}} \\
}
{some \\ conclusions}
\\
\end{tabular}
$$
\subsection {Derivation trees}
To help writing cascades of rules forming a derivation tree, inference rules
can also be aligned on their bottom line. For this, we use the star-version:
$$
\begin{tabular}{m{0.65\hsize}m{0.45\hsize}}
\begin{lstlisting}{Ocaml}
\inferrule*
{\inferrule* {aa \\ bb}{cc}
\\ dd}
{ee}
\end{lstlisting}
&
$
\inferrule*
{\inferrule* {aa \\ bb}{cc}
\\ dd}
{ee}
$
\\
\end{tabular}
$$
The star version can also take an optional argument,
but with a different semantics. The optional argument is parsed by the
\verb"keyval" package, so as to offer a set of record-like options:
$$
\def \arraystretch {1.4}
\begin{tabular}{|>{\tt}c|>{$}c<{$}|p{0.6\hsize}|}
\hline
\bf key & \bf arg & \bf Effect
\\\hline
before & tex & Execute $tex$ before typesetting the rule.
Useful for instance to change the maximal width of the rule.
\\\hline
width & d & Set the width of the rule to $d$
\\\hline
narrower & d & Set the width of the rule to $d$ times \verb"\hsize".
\\\hline
lab & \ell & Put label $\ell$ on the top of the rule as with the
non-start version.
\\\hline
Lab & \ell & same as lab
\\\hline
left & \ell & Put label $\ell$ on the left of the rule
\\\hline
Left & \ell & Idem, but as if label $\ell$ had zero width.
\\\hline
Right & \ell & As \verb"Left", but on the right of the rule.
\\\hline
right & \ell & As \verb"left", but on the right of the rule.
\\\hline
leftskip & d & Cheat by (skip negative space) $d$ on the left side.
\\\hline
rightskip & d & Cheat by $d$ on the right side of the rule.
\\\hline
vdots & d & Raise the rule by $d$ and insert vertical dots.
\\\hline
\end{tabular}
$$
We remind at the end the global options that we've seen above that can
also be set locally in derivation trees:
\begin{mathpar}
\def \arraystretch {1.4}
\begin{tabular}{|>{\tt}c|>{$}c<{$}|p{0.6\hsize}|}
\hline
\\\hline\hline
sep & d & Set the separation between premises and conclusions to $s$.
\\\hline
flushleft & - & flush premises to the left hand side
\\\hline
center & - & center premises on each line.
\\\hline
rewrite & d &
\\\hline
myfraction & tex & set fraction to $tex$ command
\\\hline
fraction & lmr & set fraction pattern to $lm...mr$ with leaders.
\\\hline
vskip & d & Set the vertical skip between premises and conclusions to $h$.
\\\hline
vcenter && Make the rule centered around the fraction line as the non-star
version
\\\hline
\end{tabular}
\end{mathpar}
Here is an example of a complex derivation:
$$
\inferrule* [left=Total,rightstyle=\em,right={(when $n > 0$)}]
{\inferrule* [Left=Foo]
{\inferrule* [rightstyle={\bf},Right=Bar,vskip=1ex,
leftskip=2em,rightskip=2em,vdots=1.5em]
{a \\ a \\\\ bb \\ cc \\ dd}
{ee}
\\ ff \\ gg}
{hh}
\\
\inferrule* [lab=XX,sep=4em]{uu \\ vv}{ww}}
{(1)}
$$
and its code
\begin{lstlisting}{Ocaml}
\inferrule* [left=Total]
{\inferrule* [Left=Foo]
{\inferrule* [Right=Bar,rightstyle=\bf,
leftskip=2em,rightskip=2em,vdots=1.5em]
{a \\ a \\\\ bb \\ cc \\ dd}
{ee}
\\ ff \\ gg}
{hh}
\\
\inferrule* [lab=XX]{uu \\ vv}{ww}}
{(1)}
\end{lstlisting}
\def \L#1{\lower 0.4ex \hbox {#1}}
\def \R#1{\raise 0.4ex \hbox {#1}}
\def \hevea {H\L{E}\R{V}\L{E}A}
\def \hevea {$\mbox {H}\!_{\mbox {E}}\!\mbox {V}\!_{\mbox {E}}\!\mbox {A}$}
\subsection {Label styles}
\label {options}
The package uses
\verb"\DefTirNameStyle",
\verb"\LabTirNameStyle",
\verb"\LeftTirNameStyle",
and \verb"\RightTirNameStyle"
to typeset labels introduced with the default option,
\verb"Lab-",
\verb"Left-", or
\verb"Right-", respectively (or their uncapitablized variants).
This can safely be redefined by the user.
\verb"\DefTirName" is normally used for defining
occurrences ({\em i.e.} in rule \lst"\inferrule") while the three other forms
are used for referencing names ({\em i.e.} in the star-version). The styles
can also be redefined using labeled-arguments of the star-version of
{\tt\string\inferrule} as described in table below.
Instead of just changing the style, the whole
typesetting of labels may be changed by redefining
\verb"\DefTirName",
\verb"\LabTirName",
\verb"\LeftTirName",
and \verb"\RightTirName", each of which receives the label to be typeset as
argument.
Finally, the vertical skip
\begin{mathpar}
\def \arraystretch {1.4}
\begin{tabular}{|>{\tt}c|>{$}c<{$}|p{0.6\hsize}|}
\hline
\bf key & \bf arg & \bf Effect
\\\hline\hline
style & tex & set the default style for labels to $tex$
\\\hline
leftstyle & tex & idem for labels
\\\hline
rightstyle & tex& idem for right labels
\\\hline
\end{tabular}
\end{mathpar}
\subsection {Star \emph{v.s.} non-star version}
The package also defines \verb"\infer" as a shortcut for \verb"\inferrule"
but only if it is not previously defined.
There are two differences between the plain and star versions of
\verb"\inferrule".
The plain version centers the rule on the fraction line, while the
star one centers the rule on the last conclusion, so as to be used in
derivation trees.
Another difference is that the optional argument of the plain version is a
label to always be placed on top of the rule, while the $\ast$-version takes
a record of arguments. Hence, it can be parameterized in many more ways.
One may recover the plain version from the start version by passing the
extra argument \texttt{vcenter} as illustrated below (the base line is
aligned with the dotted line):
\begin{mathpar}
\cdots\cdots
\cdots\cdots
\inferrule*
{aa aa \\\\ aa \\ bb}{cc \\ cc \\\\ dd}
\cdots\cdots
\cdots\cdots
\inferrule* [vcenter]
{aa aa \\\\ aa \\ bb}{cc \\ cc \\\\ dd}
\cdots\cdots
\cdots\cdots
\end{mathpar}
This is convenient, for instance to typeset rules with side conditions
and keep them attached to the rule:
\begin{mathpar}
\def \RightTirName #1{\rm\hbox {\hskip 1ex (#1)}}
\inferrule*[lab=Pos,right={if $n>0$}]
{aa \\ aa}
{cc}
\inferrule*[lab=Neg,right={if $n<0$}]
{aa \\ aa}
{cc}
\end{mathpar}
Or differently,
\begin{mathpar}
\def \LabTirName #1{\hbox {(#1)}}
\def \LeftTirName #1{\textsc{#1}}
\inferrule*[Left=Pos,lab={if $n>0$}]
{aaa \\ aaa}
{cc}
\inferrule*[Left=Neg,lab={if $n<0$}]
{aaa \\ aaa}
{cc}
\end{mathpar}
\subsection {Implementation}
The main macro in the implementation of inference rules is the one that
either premises and conclusions. The macros uses two box-registers one
\verb"hbox" for typesetting each line and one \verb"vbox" for collecting
lines. The premise appears as a list with
\verb"\\" as separator. Each element is considered in turn typeset in a
\verb"hbox" in display math mode. Its width is compare to the space left on
the current line. If the box would not fit, the current horizontal line is
transferred to the vertical box and emptied. Then, the current formula can
safely be added to the horizontal line (if it does not fit, nothing can be
done). When moved to the vertical list, lines are aligned on their center
(as if their left-part was a left overlapped). At the end the vbox is
readjusted on the right.
This description works for conclusions. For premises, the elements must be
processes in reverse order and the vertical list is simply built upside
down.
\section {Other Options for the {\tt mathpar} environment}
The vertical space in \verb"mathpar" is adjusted by
\verb"\MathparLineskip". To restore the normal paragraph parameters in mathpar
mode (for instance for some inner paragraph), use the command
\verb"\MathparNormalpar".
The environment uses \verb"\MathparBindings" to
rebind \verb"\\", \verb"and", and \verb"\par". You can redefine thus command
to change the default bindings or add your own.
\section {Examples}
See the source of this documentation ---the file \lst"mathpartir.tex"---
for full examples.
\section {{\hevea} compatibility}
The package also redefines \verb"\hva" to do nothing in \lst"mathpar"
environment and in inference rules.
In HeVeA, \verb"\and" will always produce a vertical break in mathpar
environment; to obtain a horizontal break, use \verb"\hva \and" instead.
Conversely, \verb"\\" will always produce a horizontal break in type
inference rules; to obtain a vertical break, use \verb"\hva \\" instead.
For instance, by default the following code,
\begin{lstlisting}{Ocaml}
\begin{mathpar}
\inferrule* [Left=Foo]
{\inferrule* [Right=Bar,width=8em,
leftskip=2em,rightskip=2em,vdots=1.5em]
{a \\ a \\ bb \\ cc \\ dd}
{ee}
\\ ff \\ gg}
{hh}
\and
\inferrule* [lab=XX]{uu \\ vv}{ww}
\end{mathpar}
\end{lstlisting}
which typesets in {\TeX} as follows,
\begin{mathpar}
\inferrule* [Left=Foo]
{\inferrule* [Right=Bar,width=8em,
leftskip=2em,rightskip=2em,vdots=1.5em]
{a \\ a \\ bb \\ cc \\ dd}
{ee}
\\ ff \\ gg}
{hh}
\and
\inferrule* [lab=XX]{uu \\ vv}{ww}
\end{mathpar}
would appear as follows with the compatible {\hevea} mode:
\begin{mathpar}
\inferrule* [left=Foo]
{\inferrule* [right=Bar]
{a \\ a \\ bb \\ cc \\ dd}
{ee}
\\ ff \\ gg}
{hh}
\\
\inferrule* [lab=XX]{uu \\ vv}{ww}
\end{mathpar}
To obtain (almost) the same rendering as in {\TeX}, it could be typed as
\begin{lstlisting}[escapechar=\%]{Ocaml}
\begin{mathpar}
\inferrule* [Left=Foo]
{\inferrule* [Right=Bar,width=8em,
leftskip=2em,rightskip=2em,vdots=1.5em]
{a \\ a \hva \\ bb \\ cc \\ dd}
{ee}
\\ ff \\ gg}
{hh}
\hva \and
\inferrule* [lab=XX]{uu \\ vv}{ww}
\end{mathpar}
\end{lstlisting}
Actually, it would be typeset and follows with the compatible {\hevea} mode:
\begin{mathpar}
\inferrule* [left=Foo]
{\inferrule* [right=Bar]
{a \\ a \\\\ bb \\ cc \\ dd}
{ee}
\\ ff \\ gg}
{hh}
\and
\inferrule* [lab=XX]{uu \\ vv}{ww}
\end{mathpar}
%<*!hevea>
\DocInput{mathpartir.dtx}
%</!hevea>
\end{document}
%</(driver|hevea)>
% \fi
%
% \CheckSum{0}
%
% \CharacterTable
% {Upper-case \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z
% Lower-case \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z
% Digits \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9
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% Dollar \$ Percent \% Ampersand \&
% Acute accent \' Left paren \( Right paren \)
% Asterisk \* Plus \+ Comma \,
% Minus \- Point \. Solidus \/
% Colon \: Semicolon \; Less than \<
% Equals \= Greater than \> Question mark \?
% Commercial at \@ Left bracket \[ Backslash \\
% Right bracket \] Circumflex \^ Underscore \_
% Grave accent \` Left brace \{ Vertical bar \|
% Right brace \} Tilde \~}
%
%
% \changes{v1.3.1}{2015/11/06}{First version on CTAN}
%
% \GetFileInfo{mathpartir.dtx}
%
% \DoNotIndex{\newcommand,\newenvironment}
%
% \StopEventually{}
%
% \section{Implementation}
%
% \begin{macrocode}
%% Identification
%% Preliminary declarations
\RequirePackage {keyval}
%% Options
%% More declarations
%% PART I: Typesetting maths in paragraphe mode
%% \newdimen \mpr@tmpdim
%% Dimens are a precious ressource. Uses seems to be local.
\let \mpr@tmpdim \@tempdima
% To ensure hevea \hva compatibility, \hva should expands to nothing
% in mathpar or in inferrule
\let \mpr@hva \empty
%% normal paragraph parametters, should rather be taken dynamically
\def \mpr@savepar {%
\edef \MathparNormalpar
{\noexpand \lineskiplimit \the\lineskiplimit
\noexpand \lineskip \the\lineskip}%
}
\def \mpr@rulelineskip {\lineskiplimit=0.3em\lineskip=0.2em plus 0.1em}
\def \mpr@lesslineskip {\lineskiplimit=0.6em\lineskip=0.5em plus 0.2em}
\def \mpr@lineskip {\lineskiplimit=1.2em\lineskip=1.2em plus 0.2em}
\let \MathparLineskip \mpr@lineskip
\def \mpr@paroptions {\MathparLineskip}
\let \mpr@prebindings \relax
\newskip \mpr@andskip \mpr@andskip 2em plus 0.5fil minus 0.5em
\def \mpr@goodbreakand
{\hskip -\mpr@andskip \penalty -1000\hskip \mpr@andskip}
\def \mpr@and {\hskip \mpr@andskip}
\def \mpr@andcr {\penalty 50\mpr@and}
\def \mpr@cr {\penalty -10000\mpr@and}
%\def \mpr@cr {\penalty -10000\vadjust{\vbox{}}\mpr@and}
\def \mpr@eqno #1{\mpr@andcr #1\hskip 0em plus -1fil \penalty 10}
\def \mpr@bindings {%
\let \and \mpr@andcr
\let \par \mpr@andcr
\let \\\mpr@cr
\let \eqno \mpr@eqno
\let \hva \mpr@hva
}
\let \MathparBindings \mpr@bindings
% \@ifundefined {ignorespacesafterend}
% {\def \ignorespacesafterend {\aftergroup \ignorespaces}
\newenvironment{mathpar}[1][]
{$$\mpr@savepar \parskip 0em \hsize \linewidth \centering
\vbox \bgroup \mpr@prebindings \mpr@paroptions #1\ifmmode $\else
\noindent $\displaystyle\fi
\MathparBindings}
{\unskip \ifmmode $\fi\egroup $$\ignorespacesafterend}
\newenvironment{mathparpagebreakable}[1][]
{\begingroup
\par
\mpr@savepar \parskip 0em \hsize \linewidth \centering
\mpr@prebindings \mpr@paroptions #1%
\vskip \abovedisplayskip \vskip -\lineskip%
\ifmmode \else $\displaystyle\fi
\MathparBindings
}
{\unskip
\ifmmode $\fi \par\endgroup
\vskip \belowdisplayskip
\noindent
\ignorespacesafterend}
% \def \math@mathpar #1{\setbox0 \hbox {$\displaystyle #1$}\ifnum
% \wd0 < \hsize $$\box0$$\else \bmathpar #1\emathpar \fi}
%%% HOV BOXES
\def \mathvbox@ #1{\hbox \bgroup \mpr@normallineskip
\vbox \bgroup \tabskip 0em \let \\ \cr
\halign \bgroup \hfil $##$\hfil\cr #1\crcr \egroup \egroup
\egroup}
\def \mathhvbox@ #1{\setbox0 \hbox {\let \\\qquad $#1$}\ifnum \wd0 < \hsize
\box0\else \mathvbox {#1}\fi}
%% Part II -- operations on lists
\newtoks \mpr@lista
\newtoks \mpr@listb
\long \def\mpr@cons #1\mpr@to#2{\mpr@lista {\\{#1}}\mpr@listb \expandafter
{#2}\edef #2{\the \mpr@lista \the \mpr@listb}}
\long \def\mpr@snoc #1\mpr@to#2{\mpr@lista {\\{#1}}\mpr@listb \expandafter
{#2}\edef #2{\the \mpr@listb\the\mpr@lista}}
\long \def \mpr@concat#1=#2\mpr@to#3{\mpr@lista \expandafter {#2}\mpr@listb
\expandafter {#3}\edef #1{\the \mpr@listb\the\mpr@lista}}
\def \mpr@head #1\mpr@to #2{\expandafter \mpr@head@ #1\mpr@head@ #1#2}
\long \def \mpr@head@ #1#2\mpr@head@ #3#4{\def #4{#1}\def#3{#2}}
\def \mpr@flatten #1\mpr@to #2{\expandafter \mpr@flatten@ #1\mpr@flatten@ #1#2}
\long \def \mpr@flatten@ \\#1\\#2\mpr@flatten@ #3#4{\def #4{#1}\def #3{\\#2}}
\def \mpr@makelist #1\mpr@to #2{\def \mpr@all {#1}%
\mpr@lista {\\}\mpr@listb \expandafter {\mpr@all}\edef \mpr@all {\the
\mpr@lista \the \mpr@listb \the \mpr@lista}\let #2\empty
\def \mpr@stripof ##1##2\mpr@stripend{\def \mpr@stripped{##2}}\loop
\mpr@flatten \mpr@all \mpr@to \mpr@one
\expandafter \mpr@snoc \mpr@one \mpr@to #2\expandafter \mpr@stripof
\mpr@all \mpr@stripend
\ifx \mpr@stripped \empty \let \mpr@isempty 0\else \let \mpr@isempty 1\fi
\ifx 1\mpr@isempty
\repeat
}
\def \mpr@rev #1\mpr@to #2{\let \mpr@tmp \empty
\def \\##1{\mpr@cons ##1\mpr@to \mpr@tmp}#1\let #2\mpr@tmp}
%% Part III -- Type inference rules
\newif \if@premisse
\newbox \mpr@hlist
\newbox \mpr@vlist
\newif \ifmpr@center \mpr@centertrue
\def \mpr@vskip {}
\def \mpr@htovlist {%
\setbox \mpr@hlist
\hbox {\strut
\ifmpr@center \hskip -0.5\wd\mpr@hlist\fi
\unhbox \mpr@hlist}%
\setbox \mpr@vlist
\vbox {\if@premisse
\box \mpr@hlist
\ifx \mpr@vskip \empty \else
\hrule height 0em depth \mpr@vskip width 0em
\fi
\unvbox \mpr@vlist
\else
\unvbox \mpr@vlist
\ifx \mpr@vskip \empty \else
\hrule height 0em depth \mpr@vskip width 0em
\fi
\box \mpr@hlist
\fi}%
}
% OLD version
% \def \mpr@htovlist {%
% \setbox \mpr@hlist
% \hbox {\strut \hskip -0.5\wd\mpr@hlist \unhbox \mpr@hlist}%
% \setbox \mpr@vlist
% \vbox {\if@premisse \box \mpr@hlist \unvbox \mpr@vlist
% \else \unvbox \mpr@vlist \box \mpr@hlist
% \fi}%
% }
\def \mpr@item #1{$\displaystyle #1$}
\def \mpr@sep{2em}
\def \mpr@blank { }
\def \mpr@hovbox #1#2{\hbox
\bgroup
\ifx #1T\@premissetrue
\else \ifx #1B\@premissefalse
\else
\PackageError{mathpartir}
{Premisse orientation should either be T or B}
{Fatal error in Package}%
\fi \fi
\def \@test {#2}\ifx \@test \mpr@blank\else
\setbox \mpr@hlist \hbox {}%
\setbox \mpr@vlist \vbox {}%
\if@premisse \let \snoc \mpr@cons \else \let \snoc \mpr@snoc \fi
\let \@hvlist \empty \let \@rev \empty
\mpr@tmpdim 0em
\expandafter \mpr@makelist #2\mpr@to \mpr@flat
\if@premisse \mpr@rev \mpr@flat \mpr@to \@rev \else \let \@rev \mpr@flat \fi
\def \\##1{%
\def \@test {##1}\ifx \@test \empty
\mpr@htovlist
\mpr@tmpdim 0em %%% last bug fix not extensively checked
\else
\setbox0 \hbox{\mpr@item {##1}}\relax
\advance \mpr@tmpdim by \wd0
%\mpr@tmpdim 1.02\mpr@tmpdim
\ifnum \mpr@tmpdim < \hsize
\ifnum \wd\mpr@hlist > 0
\if@premisse
\setbox \mpr@hlist
\hbox {\unhbox0 \hskip \mpr@sep \unhbox \mpr@hlist}%
\else
\setbox \mpr@hlist
\hbox {\unhbox \mpr@hlist \hskip \mpr@sep \unhbox0}%
\fi
\else
\setbox \mpr@hlist \hbox {\unhbox0}%
\fi
\else
\ifnum \wd \mpr@hlist > 0
\mpr@htovlist
\mpr@tmpdim \wd0
\fi
\setbox \mpr@hlist \hbox {\unhbox0}%
\fi
\advance \mpr@tmpdim by \mpr@sep
\fi
}%
\@rev
\mpr@htovlist
\ifmpr@center \hskip \wd\mpr@vlist\fi \box \mpr@vlist
\fi
\egroup
}
%%% INFERENCE RULES
\@ifundefined{@@over}{%
\let\@@over\over % fallback if amsmath is not loaded
\let\@@overwithdelims\overwithdelims
\let\@@atop\atop \let\@@atopwithdelims\atopwithdelims
\let\@@above\above \let\@@abovewithdelims\abovewithdelims
}{}
%% The default
\def \mpr@@fraction #1#2{\hbox {\advance \hsize by -0.5em
$\displaystyle {#1\mpr@over #2}$}}
\def \mpr@@nofraction #1#2{\hbox {\advance \hsize by -0.5em
$\displaystyle {#1\@@atop #2}$}}
\let \mpr@fraction \mpr@@fraction
%% A generic solution to arrow
\def \mpr@@fractionaboveskip {0ex}
\def \mpr@@fractionbelowskip {0.22ex}
\def \mpr@make@fraction #1#2#3#4#5{\hbox {%
\def \mpr@tail{#1}%
\def \mpr@body{#2}%
\def \mpr@head{#3}%
\setbox1=\hbox{$#4$}\setbox2=\hbox{$#5$}%
\setbox3=\hbox{$\mkern -3mu\mpr@body\mkern -3mu$}%
\dimen0\ht3\advance\dimen0 by \dp3\relax
\dimen0 0.5\dimen0\relax
\advance \dimen0 by \mpr@@fractionaboveskip
\setbox1=\hbox {\raise \dimen0 \box1}\relax
\dimen0 -\dimen0\advance \dimen0 \mpr@@fractionaboveskip\dimen0 -\dimen0
\advance \dimen0 by \mpr@@fractionbelowskip
\setbox2=\hbox {\lower \dimen0 \box2}\relax
\setbox0=\hbox {$\displaystyle {\box1 \atop \box2}$}%
\dimen0=\wd0\box0
\box0 \hskip -\dimen0\relax
\hbox to \dimen0 {$%\color{blue}
\mathrel{\mpr@tail}\joinrel
\xleaders\hbox{\copy3}\hfil\joinrel\mathrel{\mpr@head}%
$}}}
%% Old stuff should be removed in next version
\def \mpr@@nothing #1#2
{$\lower 0.01pt \mpr@@nofraction {#1}{#2}$}
\def \mpr@@reduce #1#2{\hbox
{$\lower 0.01pt \mpr@@fraction {#1}{#2}\mkern -15mu\rightarrow$}}
\def \mpr@@rewrite #1#2#3{\hbox
{$\lower 0.01pt \mpr@@fraction {#2}{#3}\mkern -8mu#1$}}
\def \mpr@infercenter #1{\vcenter {\mpr@hovbox{T}{#1}}}
\def \mpr@empty {}
\def \mpr@inferrule
{\bgroup
\ifnum \linewidth<\hsize \hsize \linewidth\fi
\mpr@rulelineskip
\let \and \qquad
\let \hva \mpr@hva
\let \@rulename \mpr@empty
\let \@rule@options \mpr@empty
\let \mpr@over \@@over
\mpr@inferrule@}
\newcommand {\mpr@inferrule@}[3][]
{\everymath={\displaystyle}%
\def \@test {#2}\ifx \empty \@test
\setbox0 \hbox {$\vcenter {\mpr@hovbox{B}{#3}}$}%
\else
\def \@test {#3}\ifx \empty \@test
\setbox0 \hbox {$\vcenter {\mpr@hovbox{T}{#2}}$}%
\else
\setbox0 \mpr@fraction {\mpr@hovbox{T}{#2}}{\mpr@hovbox{B}{#3}}%
\fi \fi
\def \@test {#1}\ifx \@test\empty \box0
\else \vbox
%%% Suggestion de Francois pour les etiquettes longues
%%% {\hbox to \wd0 {\RefTirName {#1}\hfil}\box0}\fi
{\hbox {\DefTirName {#1}}\box0}\fi
\egroup}
\def \mpr@vdotfil #1{\vbox to #1{\leaders \hbox{$\cdot$} \vfil}}
% They are two forms
% \inferrule [label]{[premisses}{conclusions}
% or
% \inferrule* [options]{[premisses}{conclusions}
%
% Premisses and conclusions are lists of elements separated by \\
% Each \\ produces a break, attempting horizontal breaks if possible,
% and vertical breaks if needed.
%
% An empty element obtained by \\\\ produces a vertical break in all cases.
%
% The former rule is aligned on the fraction bar.
% The optional label appears on top of the rule
% The second form to be used in a derivation tree is aligned on the last
% line of its conclusion
%
% The second form can be parameterized, using the key=val interface. The
% folloiwng keys are recognized:
%
% width set the width of the rule to val
% narrower set the width of the rule to val\hsize
% before execute val at the beginning/left
% lab put a label [Val] on top of the rule
% lskip add negative skip on the right
% left put a left label [Val]
% Left put a left label [Val], ignoring its width
% right put a right label [Val]
% Right put a right label [Val], ignoring its width
% leftskip skip negative space on the left-hand side
% rightskip skip negative space on the right-hand side
% vdots lift the rule by val and fill vertical space with dots
% after execute val at the end/right
%
% Note that most options must come in this order to avoid strange
% typesetting (in particular leftskip must preceed left and Left and
% rightskip must follow Right or right; vdots must come last
% or be only followed by rightskip.
%
%% Keys that make sence in all kinds of rules
\def \mprset #1{\setkeys{mprset}{#1}}
\define@key {mprset}{andskip}[]{\mpr@andskip=#1}
\define@key {mprset}{lineskip}[]{\lineskip=#1}
\define@key {mprset}{lessskip}[]{\lineskip=0.5\lineskip}
\define@key {mprset}{flushleft}[]{\mpr@centerfalse}
\define@key {mprset}{center}[]{\mpr@centertrue}
\define@key {mprset}{rewrite}[]{\let \mpr@fraction \mpr@@rewrite}
\define@key {mprset}{atop}[]{\let \mpr@fraction \mpr@@nofraction}
\define@key {mprset}{myfraction}[]{\let \mpr@fraction #1}
\define@key {mprset}{fraction}[]{\def \mpr@fraction {\mpr@make@fraction #1}}
% To be documented.
\define@key {mprset}{defaultfraction}[]{\let \mpr@fraction \mpr@@fraction}
\define@key {mprset}{sep}{\def\mpr@sep{#1}}
\define@key {mprset}{fractionaboveskip}{\def\mpr@@fractionaboveskip{#1}}
\define@key {mprset}{fractionbelowskip}{\def\mpr@@fractionbelowskip{#1}}
\define@key {mprset}{style}[1]{\def\TirNameStyle{#1}def}
\define@key {mprset}{rightstyle}[1]{\def\RightTirNameStyle{#1}}
\define@key {mprset}{leftstyle}[1]{\def\LeftTirNameStyle{#1}}
\define@key {mprset}{vskip}[1]{\def \mpr@vskip{#1}}
\newbox \mpr@right
\define@key {mpr}{flushleft}[]{\mpr@centerfalse}
\define@key {mpr}{center}[]{\mpr@centertrue}
\define@key {mpr}{rewrite}[]{\let \mpr@fraction \mpr@@rewrite}
\define@key {mpr}{myfraction}[]{\let \mpr@fraction #1}
\define@key {mpr}{fraction}[]{\def \mpr@fraction {\mpr@make@fraction #1}}
\define@key {mpr}{width}{\hsize #1}
\define@key {mpr}{sep}{\def\mpr@sep{#1}}
\define@key {mpr}{before}{#1}
\define@key {mpr}{lab}{\let \DefTirName \LabTirName \def \mpr@rulename {#1}}
\define@key {mpr}{Lab}{\let \DefTirName \LabTirName \def \mpr@rulename {#1}}
\define@key {mpr}{style}[1]{\def\TirNameStyle{#1}def}
\define@key {mpr}{rightstyle}[1]{\def\RightTirNameStyle{#1}}
\define@key {mpr}{leftstyle}[1]{\def\LeftTirNameStyle{#1}}
\define@key {mpr}{vskip}[1]{\def \mpr@vskip{#1}}
\define@key {mpr}{narrower}{\hsize #1\hsize}
\define@key {mpr}{leftskip}{\hskip -#1}
\define@key {mpr}{reduce}[]{\let \mpr@fraction \mpr@@reduce}
\define@key {mpr}{rightskip}
{\setbox \mpr@right \hbox {\unhbox \mpr@right \hskip -#1}}
\define@key {mpr}{LEFT}{\setbox0 \hbox {$#1$}\relax
\advance \hsize by -\wd0\box0}
\define@key {mpr}{left}{\setbox0 \hbox {$\LeftTirName {#1}\;$}\relax
\advance \hsize by -\wd0\box0}
\define@key {mpr}{Left}{\llap{$\LeftTirName {#1}\;$}}
\define@key {mpr}{right}
{\setbox0 \hbox {$\;\RightTirName {#1}$}\relax \advance \hsize by -\wd0
\setbox \mpr@right \hbox {\unhbox \mpr@right \unhbox0}}
\define@key {mpr}{RIGHT}
{\setbox0 \hbox {$#1$}\relax \advance \hsize by -\wd0
\setbox \mpr@right \hbox {\unhbox \mpr@right \unhbox0}}
\define@key {mpr}{Right}
{\setbox \mpr@right \hbox {\unhbox \mpr@right \rlap {$\;\RightTirName {#1}$}}}
\define@key {mpr}{vdots}{\def \mpr@vdots {\@@atop \mpr@vdotfil{#1}}}
\define@key {mpr}{after}{\edef \mpr@after {\mpr@after #1}}
\define@key {mpr}{vcenter}[]{\mpr@vcentertrue}
\newif \ifmpr@vcenter \mpr@vcenterfalse
\newcommand \mpr@inferstar@ [3][]{\begingroup
\setbox0 \hbox
{\let \mpr@rulename \mpr@empty \let \mpr@vdots \relax
\setbox \mpr@right \hbox{}%
\setkeys{mpr}{#1}%
$\ifx \mpr@rulename \mpr@empty \mpr@inferrule {#2}{#3}\else
\mpr@inferrule [{\mpr@rulename}]{#2}{#3}\fi
\box \mpr@right \mpr@vdots$
\ifmpr@vcenter \aftergroup \mpr@vcentertrue \fi}
\ifmpr@vcenter
\box0
\else
\setbox1 \hbox {\strut}
\@tempdima \dp0 \advance \@tempdima by -\dp1
\raise \@tempdima \box0
\fi
\endgroup}
\def \mpr@infer {\@ifnextchar *{\mpr@inferstar}{\mpr@inferrule}}
\newcommand \mpr@err@skipargs[3][]{}
\def \mpr@inferstar*{\ifmmode
\let \@do \mpr@inferstar@
\else
\let \@do \mpr@err@skipargs
\PackageError {mathpartir}
{\string\inferrule* can only be used in math mode}{}%
\fi \@do}
%%% Exports
% Envirnonment mathpar
\let \inferrule \mpr@infer
% make a short name \infer is not already defined
\@ifundefined {infer}{\let \infer \mpr@infer}{}
\def \TirNameStyle #1{\small \textsc{#1}}
\def \LeftTirNameStyle #1{\TirNameStyle {#1}}
\def \RightTirNameStyle #1{\TirNameStyle {#1}}
\def \lefttir@name #1{\hbox {\small \LeftTirNameStyle{#1}}}
\def \righttir@name #1{\hbox {\small \RightTirNameStyle{#1}}}
\let \TirName \lefttir@name
\let \LeftTirName \lefttir@name
\let \DefTirName \lefttir@name
\let \LabTirName \lefttir@name
\let \RightTirName \righttir@name
%%% Other Exports
% \let \listcons \mpr@cons
% \let \listsnoc \mpr@snoc
% \let \listhead \mpr@head
% \let \listmake \mpr@makelist
% \end{macrocode}
%
% \Finale
\endinput